Recently, the National Bureau of Statistics, the Ministry of Science and Technology, and the Ministry of Finance jointly released the “...” 2015 Guan Xiaojing, a senior statistician with the Department of Social Sciences and Culture at the National Bureau of Statistics, provided an interpretation of the “Annual Statistical Bulletin on National Science and Technology Funding.”

　　 I. Total R&D investment and its intensity both maintained double-digit growth.

　　According to the data in the "Communique," 2015 This year, China's total R&D expenditure has reached a new milestone. 1.4 A new trillion-dollar milestone, with R&D expenditure intensity reaching... 2.07% Both the scale and level of R&D investment have achieved new breakthroughs.

　　2015 This year, although the growth rate of R&D investment in our country has slowed down compared to the previous year, 1 percentage points, yet still maintained 8.9% faster growth rate, with a growth rate higher than the same period GDP High current growth rate 2.5 percentage points; R&D intensity has remained steady for two consecutive years. 2% The above-mentioned level shows a trend of steady improvement.

　　The relatively rapid growth in R&D investment has been driven by the advancement of the nation’s innovation-driven development strategy. The continuous improvement of the national policy framework and the effective implementation of relevant policies have greatly boosted the enthusiasm of the entire society to invest in independent innovation. Enterprises, government-affiliated research institutions, and universities are the three major implementing entities of R&D activities in China. 2015 The company's R&D expenditure reached... 10881.3 100 million yuan, an increase over the previous year. 8.2% , contributing to the growth of R&D expenditure across the entire society by 71.1% Become a leader in R&D investment across the entire society. 2015 In the year, the state intensified its efforts to implement the “12th Five-Year Plan” research projects. R&D expenditures by government-affiliated research institutions and universities increased significantly, reaching respectively... 2136.5 100 million yuan and 998.6 hundred million yuan, representing year-on-year growth of 10.9% and 11.2% , the increase rates have been raised respectively. 2.8 and 6.4 percentage point.

　　 II. The structure of R&D investment has been optimized.

　　First, the proportion of funding allocated to basic research has increased. By type of activity, R&D can be categorized into basic research, applied research, and experimental development. Among these, basic research—because it embodies original innovation capabilities that are oriented toward the frontiers of science—best reflects a country’s scientific and technological strength in terms of both the scale and level of investment. 2015 In the year, China's funding for basic research was 716.1 100 million yuan, an increase over the previous year. 16.7% , the increase is higher than last year. 6.1 percentage points, higher than the average growth rate of R&D expenditure. 7.8 percentage points; the proportion of basic research in R&D expenditure is 5.1% , an increase compared to the previous year 0.4 percentage points, changed 2007 The proportion of funding allocated to basic research has been consistently... 4.7% A situation of wavering between left and right. 2015 Annual funding for applied research is 1528.7 100 million yuan, growth 9.3% , accounting for a share of R&D expenditure of 10.8% It remained stable compared to the previous year. 2015 In the year, the total expenditure by the whole society on scientific research (including both basic research and applied research) was 2244.8 100 million yuan, an increase over the previous year. 11.6% 。

　　Second, the proportion of government funding has increased. 2015 This year, the national fiscal expenditure on science and technology has increased significantly, with the spending scale exceeding for the first time. 7 Trillions of yuan, with a growth rate reaching 8.5% , an increase compared to the previous year 4.1 percentage points. To activate existing assets and improve the efficiency of capital utilization, 2015 This year, the central government’s fiscal funds drew upon carryover funds from previous years to finance science and technology expenditures. Although the growth rate of central government spending on science and technology this year declined somewhat compared to the previous year, the actual level of support for R&D has further increased. In 2015 Among the total R&D expenditure of the entire society for the year, government funding accounted for... 3013.2 100 million yuan, growth 14.3% , the increase is higher than last year. 8.9 percentage points—the fastest growth rate in the past three years; the proportion of government funding is 21.3% , an increase over the previous year 1 percentage points. By the entity carrying out R&D activities, government funding for government-affiliated research institutions, universities, and enterprises amounted to: 1802.7 100 million yuan, 637.3 100 million yuan and 463.4 hundred million yuan, representing year-on-year growth of 14%、 18.8% and 9.7% 。

　　 III. The intensity of R&D investment still needs to be further increased.

　　In recent years, China’s R&D expenditure has continued to grow, ranking second in the world after the United States. However, the intensity of R&D investment remains lower than that of developed countries. 3% There is still a significant gap between the levels on the left and right, and the proportion of basic research remains lower than that in developed countries. 15% There is still a considerable gap between China and the world’s leading nations, and the efficiency of R&D investment remains to be further improved. Achieving the goal of becoming one of the top innovative countries thus remains a daunting task. In the coming period, we must: first, take the implementation of the spirit of the National Conference on Scientific and Technological Innovation as an opportunity to further refine our policy framework and ensure that these policies are effectively put into practice, guiding and encouraging enterprises, research institutions, universities, and other entities to step up their R&D efforts; second, accelerate strategic planning in basic research and several critical key areas, strengthening capacity building for original innovation and strategic technological breakthroughs; and third, deepen reform of the science and technology system, optimize the allocation of scientific and technological resources, enhance the effectiveness of R&D investment, and provide robust scientific and technological support for innovation-driven development.