Yao Gongyi’s Speech at the 4th China Tungsten and Molybdenum Industry Annual Conference
Introduction: If we analyze the development trends of the national molybdenum mining industry during the 13th Five-Year Plan period based on a 70% probability, we need to examine its three major influencing factors: first, the global molybdenum industry development strategy; second, the policy orientation for China’s molybdenum industry during the 13th Five-Year Plan period; and third, the trend of supply and demand changes in China’s molybdenum market during the 13th Five-Year Plan period.
Distinguished delegates: Hello, everyone!
In the golden autumn of October, Dongshan is hosting a forum on molybdenum—a metal that accounts for 80% of molybdenum usage in the production of various alloy steels, stainless steels, heat-resistant steels, and superalloys. Molybdenum is widely employed in the military industry and is both a “metal of war” and a strategically important rare metal. We would now like to share with you some patterned insights into the development trends of China’s molybdenum mining industry, aiming to provide advisory information for planning the reforms, innovations, and development of the molybdenum mining sector during the 13th Five-Year Plan period (2016-2020), which can serve as a reference for decision-making.
I. The Current Status of Molybdenum Mining Development in China
1.1 Distribution and Characteristics of China’s Molybdenum Ore Reserves
China boasts abundant molybdenum mineral resources. Since the 12th Five-Year Plan, the country’s reserves have grown significantly, with total proven reserves reaching 8.4 million tons, placing it second in the world. There are 222 identified molybdenum ore deposits, distributed across 28 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities). A notable feature of China’s molybdenum deposits is the prevalence of large-scale deposits—such as the Jinduicheng deposit in Shaanxi, the Luanchuan deposit in Henan, the Yangjiazhangzi deposit in Liaoning, and the Daheshan deposit in Jilin—all of which rank among the world’s largest molybdenum mines. The two most important deposit types are porphyry-type molybdenum deposits and porphyry-skarn-type molybdenum deposits. The former includes such deposits as Jinduicheng in Shaanxi and Dexing in Jiangxi, while the latter encompasses the Nan Nihu molybdenum deposit in Henan. Skarn-type, carbonate-vein, and quartz-vein deposits rank next in importance. Sedimentary molybdenum-uranium-vanadium-nickel deposits hold considerable potential value, whereas pegmatite-vein-type molybdenum deposits lack industrial significance. From the perspective of the geological age of molybdenum deposit formation, with the exception of a few deposits formed during the Late Paleozoic and Cenozoic eras, the vast majority of molybdenum deposits originated during the Mesozoic era, being products of the Yanshan tectono-magmatic activity.
From the perspective of regional distribution, China’s molybdenum deposits are concentrated in the Central-South region, which accounts for 35.7% of the nation’s total molybdenum reserves, placing it first. Next come the Northeast region with 19.5%, the Northwest region with 13.9%, and the North China region with 12%; the Southwest region accounts for only 4%. Looking at individual provinces (and autonomous regions), Henan has the largest reserves, accounting for 30.1% of the nation’s total molybdenum reserves. Shaanxi follows with 13.6%, and Jilin with 13%. Other provinces (and autonomous regions) with relatively large reserves include Shandong at 6.7%, Hebei at 4%, Liaoning at 3.7%, and Inner Mongolia at 3.6%. Together, these eight provinces (and autonomous regions) account for 81.1% of the nation’s total molybdenum reserves, with the top three—Henan, Shaanxi, and Jilin—accounting for 56.5% of the total. Table 1 shows the scale and development status of China’s major molybdenum deposits.
Table 1
| Number | Ore deposit | Location | Scale | Taste ( M o % ) | Usage conditions | |
| 1 | Wudaoling Molybdenum Mine | Heilongjiang Province | Medium-sized | 0.617 | Not yet collected | |
| 2 | Daheshan Molybdenum Mine | Yongji County, Jilin Province | Large | 0.066 | Already collected | |
| 3 | Yangjiazhangzi Molybdenum Mine | Huludao City, Liaoning Province | Large | 0.141 | Already collected | |
| 4 | Lanjiagou Molybdenum Mine | Huludao City, Liaoning Province | Large | 0.141 | Already collected | |
| 5 | Saidai Gou Molybdenum Mine | Fengning County, Hebei Province | Large | 0.076 | Not yet collected | |
| 6 | Wild Arc Molybdenum Ore | Laishui County, Hebei Province | Medium-sized | 0.087 | Not yet collected | |
| 7 | Dakezhuang Molybdenum Mine | Yanqing County, Beijing Municipality | Medium-sized | 0.100 | Not yet collected | |
| 8 | Houyu Molybdenum Mine | Fanzi County, Shanxi Province | Medium-sized | 0.061 | Not yet collected | |
| 9 | Shangjiazhuang Molybdenum Mine | Qixia County, Shandong Province | Medium-sized | 0.053 | Not yet collected | |
| 10 | Jinduicheng Molybdenum Mine | Hua County, Shaanxi Province | Large | 0.099 | Already collected | |
| 11 | Huanglongpu Molybdenum Mine | Luonan County, Shaanxi Province | Large | 0.083 | Not yet collected | |
| 12 | Shangfanggou Molybdenum Mine | LuanChuan County, Henan Province | Large | 0.140 | Already collected | |
| 13 | Leimen Gou Molybdenum Mine | Song County, Henan Province | Large | 0.073 | Not yet collected | |
| 14 | Shipingchuan Molybdenum Mine | Qingtian County, Zhejiang Province | Medium-sized | 0.190 | Already collected | |
| 15 | Chilu Molybdenum Mine | Fuan County, Fujian Province | Medium-sized | 0.070 | Already collected | |
| Co-occurring type (with molybdenum as the primary mineral species in most cases) | ||||||
| 16 | Cuihongshan Iron Polymetallic Ore Field | Xunke County, Heilongjiang Province | Medium-sized | 0.122 | Not yet collected | |
| 17 | Duobao Mountain Copper-Molybdenum Mine | Nenjiang County, Heilongjiang Province | Medium-sized | 0.016 | Not yet collected | |
| 18 | Xiaojiayingzi Molybdenum Mine | Kalaqin Left Banner Mongolian Autonomous County, Liaoning Province | Medium-sized | 0.225 | Already collected | |
| 19 | Xiaosi Gou Copper-Molybdenum Mine | Pingquan County, Hebei Province | Medium-sized | 0.086 | Already collected | |
| 20 | Dawan Zinc-Molybdenum Deposit | Laiyuan County, Henan Province | Large | 0.117 | Not yet collected | |
| 21 | Xingjiashan Molybdenum Mine | Yantai City, Shandong Province | Large | 0.080 | Not yet collected | |
| 22 | Sandaozhuang Molybdenum Mine | LuanChuan County, Henan Province | Large | 0.115 | Already collected | |
| 23 | Nan Ni Hu Molybdenum Mine | LuanChuan County, Henan Province | Large | 0.075 | Not yet collected | |
| 24 | Yechangping Molybdenum Mine | Lushi County, Henan Province | Medium-sized |
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